The impact of Western standards of beauty and femininity on black women is a topic of deep significance, affecting how they perceive themselves, how others view them, and their mental health. For centuries, black women have been subjected to harmful stereotypes and societal expectations that have shaped their experiences and perceptions of femininity.

From the time of slavery in the United States to the present day, black women have faced unique challenges and pressures related to Western standards of beauty and femininity. These standards, rooted in a history of colonialism and racism, have had a profound impact on how black women view themselves, how they are viewed by others, and their mental health.

One of the most enduring stereotypes about black women is that they are masculine based on Western standards of femininity and beauty. This stereotype has its roots in the colonial period, when slave owners justified their rape of black women by describing them as having insatiable appetites for sex. This dehumanizing portrayal of black women as hypersexual and lacking in femininity has persisted over the centuries, contributing to a culture that devalues and marginalizes them.

The legacy of slavery and discrimination has also shaped the way black women are viewed in relation to labor and work. Black women have never had the luxury of being damsels in distress or solely dependent on black men to take care of them. During slavery, black women worked side-by-side with black men in the fields and were expected to produce as much as their male counterparts. Even after slavery ended, societal structures were put in place to force black women into domestic work to support their white counterparts.

Despite these challenges, black women have always been at the forefront of the labor market, with higher levels of labor market participation compared to white women. This can be attributed not only to societal expectations of black women's gainful employment but also to labor market discrimination against black men, which resulted in lower wages and less stable employment compared to white men

These experiences have had a profound impact on how black women view themselves and their place in society. Many black women feel that normative femininity places them at a disadvantage, both in comparison to white women and in the eyes of men.

The lack of support women of color receive from white women, exemplified by the experiences of writer Mikki Kendall who developed the hashtag #SolidarityisforWhiteWomen. This lack of solidarity underscores the challenges faced by black women in navigating femininity within predominantly white feminist spaces.

Research has shown that black women who internalize these negative stereotypes have lower self-esteem. Furthermore, the perception that lighter-skinned women have more and better access to social, professional, and educational opportunities has influenced the way many women of color view themselves. This belief, rooted in colorism, has a direct impact on their psychological well-being.

As clinicians, it is essential to be aware of these issues and to support black women in unpacking their thoughts and feelings about beauty and femininity. This may involve helping them challenge harmful stereotypes, build self-esteem, and develop a positive self-image. It is also important to create a safe and inclusive space where black women feel heard and supported.

In conclusion, the impact of Western standards of beauty and femininity on black women is profound and multifaceted. By acknowledging and addressing these issues, clinicians can play a crucial role in supporting black women in their journey towards self-acceptance and mental well-being.

April marks National Sexual Assault Awareness and Prevention Month, a time dedicated to raising awareness about sexual violence and its impact on individuals, families, and communities. One critical aspect often overlooked in these discussions is the profound effect sexual assault can have on mental health.

Sexual assault is a traumatic experience that can lead to a range of mental health issues, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. Survivors may struggle with feelings of shame, guilt, and fear, impacting their self-esteem and ability to trust others. These emotional challenges can significantly impact daily life and relationships.

It's essential to recognize the signs of mental health issues in survivors and provide them with the support and resources they need. Counseling and therapy can be instrumental in helping survivors process their experiences, manage their symptoms, and regain a sense of control and empowerment.

As mental health professionals, advocates, and allies, we must work together to create a safe and supportive environment for survivors. This includes providing trauma-informed care, promoting healthy relationships and boundaries, and challenging societal norms that perpetuate sexual violence.

During National Sexual Assault Awareness and Prevention Month, let's recommit ourselves to supporting survivors, raising awareness, and promoting mental health and healing. Together, we can create a world where sexual violence is not tolerated, and all individuals can live free from fear and trauma.

If you or someone you know is a survivor of sexual assault and struggling with mental health issues, please know that help is available. Contact the National Sexual Assault Hotline at 1-800-656-HOPE (4673) or visit www.rainn.org for support and resources.

In the realm of mental health, the concepts of Black excellence and Black elitism take on a unique significance, particularly in the context of therapy. As Black therapists, it is crucial to understand these concepts and their impact on our clients and communities.

Black excellence is often perceived as individual achievement in education, capitalism, athleticism, and celebrity. However, true Black excellence transcends these narrow definitions. It is about collective upliftment, community empowerment, and cultural advancement. It is about building and supporting each other, challenging systemic barriers, and celebrating our diverse talents and experiences.

On the other hand, what is sometimes labeled as Black excellence can be better understood as Black elitism. Black elitism, in contrast to Black excellence, is exclusionary, divisive, and can perpetuate harmful ideologies. It can involve conforming to dominant norms, distancing oneself from parts of the community deemed unacceptable, and aligning with oppressive systems like misogyny, bigotry, patriarchy, and capitalism.

As Black therapists, we must be aware of these dynamics and their impact on the mental and emotional health of our clients. The pressure to conform to elitist standards can create feelings of inadequacy, self-doubt, and internalized racism, especially among those who may already be vulnerable due to lack of access to resources or other systemic barriers.

Our role as Black therapists is not only to provide clinical support but also to challenge these harmful narratives and promote a more inclusive and community-oriented approach to mental health. We must strive to create a safe space for our clients to explore their identities, challenge societal norms, and build resilience against the pressures of Black elitism.

By understanding and addressing these issues, we can play a crucial role in supporting the mental and emotional well-being of our clients and communities. We can help them navigate the complexities of identity, challenge oppressive systems, and strive for true Black excellence that is inclusive, empowering, and uplifting for all.

As we commemorate Social Work Month, it is crucial to acknowledge the profound contributions of black social workers to the field. Black social workers have been instrumental in advocating for social justice, equity, and the rights of marginalized communities. Their dedication and commitment to serving others have left a lasting impact on individuals, families, and communities across the nation.

One of the significant contributions of black social workers is their commitment to culturally competent practice. They understand the unique experiences and challenges faced by black individuals and communities and work tirelessly to ensure that services are tailored to meet their specific needs. This includes addressing issues such as racial discrimination, poverty, and access to healthcare and education.

Black social workers have also been at the forefront of advocating for policy changes that address systemic inequities. They have worked tirelessly to dismantle discriminatory practices in child welfare, criminal justice, and healthcare systems, advocating for policies that promote equity and social justice for all.

In addition to their advocacy work, black social workers have made significant contributions to the development of social work theory and practice. Figures like Whitney M. Young Jr., Dorothy Height, and Ida B. Wells have influenced the field with their insights into the intersections of race, class, and gender and how they impact social welfare.

As we celebrate Social Work Month, let us not only honor the contributions of all social workers but also recognize the unique and invaluable contributions of black social workers. Their dedication, passion, and advocacy have helped to shape the field of social work and create a more just and equitable society for all.

In honor of Women's History Month, NABC would like to shine a spotlight on the remarkable achievements and contributions of black women in the field of mental health. Despite facing numerous obstacles, these trailblazers have not only broken barriers but have also paved the way for future generations. Their courage, resilience, and dedication have significantly impacted the field, ensuring that mental health is given the attention it deserves.

1. Dr. Mamie Phipps Clark: Our journey begins with Dr. Mamie Phipps Clark, a pioneering psychologist who played a pivotal role in the landmark Brown v. Board of Education case. Her research on the effects of segregation on African American children's self-esteem and identity formed the foundation for desegregating schools and promoting equality. Dr. Clark's work highlighted the importance of mental well-being in the fight for civil rights (Brown v. Board of Education, 1954; Clark & Clark, 1947).

2. Dr. Francis Cress Welsing: Next, we honor the extraordinary contributions of Dr. Francis Cress Welsing, a psychiatrist and author who brought attention to the psychological effects of racism and oppression. Her groundbreaking theory, known as the Cress Theory of Color Confrontation, explored how societal factors impact the mental health of African Americans. Dr. Welsing's work continues to inspire critical discussions about race and mental well-being (Welsing, 1991).

3. Dr. Joy DeGruy: Another notable figure is Dr. Joy DeGruy, a renowned researcher and educator known for her work on intergenerational trauma and the impact of slavery on African American communities. Her book, "Post Traumatic Slave Syndrome," sheds light on the lasting psychological effects of slavery and provides a framework for healing. Dr. DeGruy's insights have played a vital role in promoting mental health awareness and fostering resilience within the black community (DeGruy, 2005).

4. Dr. Angela Davis: No discussion of black women's contributions to mental health would be complete without mentioning Dr. Angela Davis. While she is primarily recognized as an activist and scholar, her work has touched on the intersections of race, gender, and mental health. Dr. Davis has consistently advocated for social justice, challenging the systemic inequalities that contribute to mental health disparities (Davis, 1981).

As we celebrate Women's History Month, it is crucial to recognize the invaluable contributions of black women to the field of mental health. Through their groundbreaking research, advocacy, and resilience, these remarkable individuals have shattered barriers and brought attention to the unique challenges faced by African Americans. Their work continues to inspire and empower, ensuring that mental health remains a priority for all. Let us honor and celebrate these black women who have left an indelible mark on the field of mental health and strive to carry their legacy forward.

References:

Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954).

Clark, K. B., & Clark, M. P. (1947). Racial identification and preference in Negro children. The Journal of Negro Education, 16(3), 341-350.

Davis, A. Y. (1981). Women, race & class. Random House.

DeGruy, J. (2005). Post Traumatic Slave Syndrome. Joy DeGruy Publications Inc.

As we continue our celebration of Black History Month, NABC delves into a critical chapter of Black mental health history—one that sheds light on the establishment of psychiatric facilities and the complex interplay between healthcare, race, and control. Today, we reflect on the Central State Lunatic Asylum and the Hospital for the Negro Insane of Maryland, institutions that underscore the systemic challenges faced by African Americans seeking mental health care.

Dr. Utsey's Quest for Truth:

Dr. Shawn Utsey, a distinguished professor in the Department of Psychology at the College of Humanities and Sciences, embarked on a profound journey to unravel the history of the Central State Lunatic Asylum for the Colored Insane. His documentary endeavors to expose the stark realities faced by African American individuals seeking mental health care during an era rife with racial prejudice and injustice.

Central State Lunatic Asylum: A Warehouse of Control and Punishment

In 1869, this asylum opened its doors, seemingly as a beacon of mental health care exclusively for African Americans. However, the grim truth, as Dr. Utsey uncovers, paints a different picture. The conditions within the Central State Lunatic Asylum mirrored warehouses—not designed for health reasons but as instruments of control and punishment. White physicians, some responsible for inventing psychiatric disorders like drapetomania, were paradoxically involved in the establishment of this facility.

Hospital for the Negro Insane of Maryland: A Farm Veiling Horrors

The Hospital for the Negro Insane in Crownsville, Maryland, presents a haunting paradox. From the outside, it resembled a farm, with patients engaging in seemingly productive activities. However, Antonia Hylton's investigative work reveals a starkly different narrative within its walls—a story of maltreatment and human rights violations. The idyllic exterior masked the harsh reality endured by African American patients seeking mental health care.

The Chilling Reality: Hospital for the Negro Insane of Maryland

In 1911, the Hospital for the Negro Insane opened in Crownsville, Maryland, presenting an idyllic farm-like exterior to the public. From the outside, the facility resembled a farm, with patients engaging in activities such as harvesting tobacco and working with cattle, giving the impression of a progressive approach to mental health care. However, the investigative work of Peabody award-winning NBC journalist Antonia Hylton exposed a different narrative within its walls. The hospital's interior hid stories of maltreatment, exploitation, and human rights violations, laying bare the systemic issues that plagued mental health care for Black individuals during this era.

The Continuing Journey:

As we navigate the historical corridors of Black mental health care, the NABC remains dedicated to amplifying these narratives. Dr. Utsey's documentary and Antonia Hylton's journalism underscore the importance of acknowledging the struggles of the past to pave the way for a more just and equitable future.

This Black History Month, let us honor the resilience of those who have faced the shadows of mental health care's history. NABC calls for continued advocacy, awareness, and the dismantling of systemic injustices within mental health care. By recognizing and learning from these historical truths, we empower ourselves to shape a future where mental health care is compassionate, inclusive, and free from discrimination.

February is a special month for black people because we find ourselves at an intersection of two powerful celebrations – Black History Month and Valentine's Day. This unique convergence provides an opportunity to reflect on the rich tapestry of black love that has woven its way through history, transcending time and leaving an indelible mark on the world. In this blog post, we celebrate the beauty, resilience, and significance of black love during this special month.

Black Love:

Black love is a multifaceted gem that reflects the strength, resilience, and beauty of the African diaspora. From the struggles of the past to the triumphs of the present, black love has been a guiding force, an anchor that has withstood the test of time.

• Historical Foundations: Black love has deep roots in history, shaped by the enduring bonds formed during times of slavery, the Civil Rights Movement, and countless other pivotal moments. Despite facing systemic challenges, black couples have demonstrated unwavering love and solidarity, becoming beacons of hope for generations to come.

• Cultural Richness: The diversity within the black community is mirrored in the myriad expressions of love. From Afro-Caribbean traditions to the vibrant tapestry of African cultures, the celebration of love takes on a kaleidoscope of colors, sounds, and customs, each telling a unique story.

• Modern Icons of Black Love: Today, black love is celebrated through the power couples who grace our screens, stages, and communities. Whether it's the Obamas, Jay-Z and Beyoncé, or other influential figures, these couples exemplify love's ability to thrive and inspire, even under the public eye.

The Intersection of Black History Month and Valentine's Day:

• Resilience and Triumph: The stories of black love told during Black History Month highlight not only the challenges faced but also the triumphs achieved through love. It's a testament to the strength of individuals and communities who have overcome adversity, creating a legacy of love that stands as a testament to resilience.

• Cultural Heritage and Unity: Black love is inseparable from the celebration of cultural heritage. This month provides an opportunity to explore and embrace the rich traditions that contribute to the tapestry of black love, fostering a sense of unity and pride in shared histories.

• Love as a Catalyst for Change: Throughout history, black love has been a catalyst for social change. Couples who stood side by side during times of injustice have paved the way for progress. As we celebrate black love on Valentine's Day, we also honor the role it has played in shaping a more equitable and just world.

In this month of love and remembrance, let us celebrate the profound impact of black love on history, culture, and society. As we honor Black History Month and Valentine's Day simultaneously, let's recognize and cherish the strength, beauty, and resilience of black love – a force that continues to shape the narrative of love for generations to come.

As we step into the third week of Black History Month, NABC proudly pays homage to two luminaries in the field of psychology: Dr. Francis Sumner and Dr. Inez Beverly Prosser. These trailblazing individuals have not only shaped the landscape of psychological research and education but have also been instrumental in advocating for equality and justice within the realm of mental health.

Dr. Francis Sumner: The Father of Black Psychology

Born in 1895 in Arkansas, Dr. Francis Sumner etched his name in history as the "Father of Black Psychology." In 1920, he achieved a groundbreaking milestone by becoming the first African American to earn a PhD in psychology. Dr. Sumner's work focused on dismantling prevailing stereotypes and biases related to race and intelligence.

Beyond academia, Dr. Sumner was a tireless advocate for equal opportunities in education and mental health. His research laid a foundation for a more nuanced understanding of intellectual abilities within diverse populations. Dr. Sumner's legacy serves as an inspiration for Black counselors, emphasizing the importance of dismantling racial disparities and advocating for inclusivity within mental health services.

Dr. Inez Beverly Prosser: A Trailblazer in Educational Psychology

Born in 1897 in Texas, Dr. Inez Beverly Prosser made history in 1933 as the first African American woman to earn a PhD in psychology. Her pioneering dissertation, "The Non-Academic Development of Negro Children in Mixed and Segregated Schools," explored the psychological impact of racial segregation on the educational experiences of Black children.

Dr. Prosser's work laid the groundwork for future studies on the psychological effects of segregation and emphasized the significance of creating inclusive educational environments. Despite facing numerous challenges as a Black woman in academia during a tumultuous era, she paved the way for subsequent generations of Black psychologists, leaving an enduring legacy in educational psychology.

Legacy and Impact on Mental Health Advocacy:

The legacies of Dr. Francis Sumner and Dr. Inez Beverly Prosser continue to resonate in the field of mental health. Their unwavering commitment to advancing education, dismantling stereotypes, and advocating for equal opportunities has inspired generations of Black psychologists and counselors.

As we celebrate the third week of Black History Month, let us reflect on the profound impact of these trailblazers. Their resilience, intellectual prowess, and dedication to social justice have paved the way for a more inclusive and diverse landscape in psychology and mental health. Dr. Sumner and Dr. Prosser's stories remind us that, even in the face of adversity, individuals can catalyze positive change and leave an enduring mark on the pursuit of knowledge and equality. NABC stands in gratitude for their contributions and continues to champion the principles they held dear.

As we delve into the second week of Black History Month, it is crucial to spotlight the remarkable contributions of Black individuals to the field of mental health. This week, we celebrate the trailblazers who have shattered barriers, challenged stigmas, and significantly advanced our understanding and treatment of mental health issues within the Black community.

Cultural Awareness in Mental Health Care:

Dr. Beverly Daniel Tatum, a psychologist, educator, and author, has been a leading voice in advocating for cultural awareness in mental health care. Her work focuses on the intersectionality of race, ethnicity, and mental health, emphasizing the importance of understanding and addressing the unique challenges faced by individuals from diverse backgrounds.

Trauma-Informed Care Advocacy:

Dr. Joy DeGruy, a renowned researcher and author, has made invaluable contributions to the understanding of intergenerational trauma. Her groundbreaking book, "Post Traumatic Slave Syndrome," explores the lasting impact of historical trauma on the mental health of Black individuals. Dr. DeGruy's work has played a pivotal role in promoting trauma-informed care within the mental health community.

Intersectionality in Mental Health:

Kimberlé Crenshaw, a legal scholar and professor, coined the term "intersectionality," which has become a crucial framework in understanding how various aspects of identity, including race and gender, intersect and contribute to different forms of discrimination and disadvantage. This concept has been instrumental in shaping mental health discourse, fostering a more inclusive and comprehensive approach to treatment.

Therapeutic Innovation:

Dr. Carl Bell, a psychiatrist, has been at the forefront of developing culturally sensitive and community-based mental health interventions. His work has focused on addressing the specific needs of marginalized populations, recognizing the importance of community involvement and empowerment in the therapeutic process.

Media Representation for Mental Health:

Celebrities like Taraji P. Henson continue to use their platforms to destigmatize mental health discussions within the Black community. Through her foundation, the Boris Lawrence Henson Foundation, Henson has tirelessly advocated for increased access to mental health resources, particularly for Black individuals.

As we reflect on the second week of Black History Month, we honor the resilience, brilliance, and determination of Black individuals who have played a pivotal role in advancing mental health awareness and treatment. Their contributions have not only broken down barriers but have also paved the way for a more inclusive and empathetic approach to mental well-being. Let us continue to celebrate and amplify these voices, recognizing that the journey toward mental health equity is ongoing and requires collective effort and understanding.

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) have become central to discussions in U.S. higher education. This blog post aims to shed light on the current state of DEI, focusing on the experiences of Black women in leadership at universities, including Dr. Claudine Gay at Harvard University, Dr. Sherita Hill at Johns Hopkins, and the tragic story of Antoinette Candia-Bailey at Lincoln University. We'll also explore the experiences of Black men in higher education, the impact on the Black community, and the essential role of counselors and clinicians in navigating this challenging educational landscape.

Black Women in Leadership:

Triumphs and Tragedy Dr. Claudine Gay's resignation as the first Black president at Harvard University, as reported by The New York Times, raises questions about the complexities faced by Black women in top leadership positions. The challenges she encountered emphasize the need for continued efforts to dismantle systemic barriers and promote true inclusivity.

Similarly, Dr. Sherita Hill's role as DEI chief at Johns Hopkins, as reported by the Daily Mail, underscores the challenges of advocating for inclusivity in environments that may resist change. The struggles faced by Black women in leadership roles reveal the pervasive nature of systemic issues within academia.

Tragically, the suicide of Antoinette Candia-Bailey at Lincoln University, reported by BET, adds a heartbreaking layer to the narrative. Her story highlights the devastating consequences of workplace mistreatment and the urgent need for cultural shifts to ensure the well-being of all individuals within academic institutions.

The Experience of Black Men in Higher Education:

Despite progress, Black men in higher education continue to face systemic challenges. Unequal access to resources, discriminatory practices, and the need for a more inclusive curriculum shape the experiences of Black male students.

The campus climate significantly influences the experiences of Black men. Efforts to create an inclusive environment must go beyond statistics, addressing underlying issues contributing to a sense of exclusion. Fostering a culture of belonging, implementing anti-racist policies, and providing mental health support are essential components of promoting the success and well-being of Black male students.

Impact on the Black Community:

The state of DEI in higher education directly impacts the broader Black community. Education serves as a key driver of social and economic mobility, and disparities in higher education can perpetuate existing inequalities. The success and representation of Black individuals in academia serve as crucial role models, challenging stereotypes and influencing community aspirations.

The tragedies, including the reported experiences of Black women in leadership roles, underscore the broader impact of systemic issues on individuals and communities. They emphasize the urgency of addressing workplace mistreatment and creating environments that support the holistic well-being of all members of the academic community.

Our Role as Counselors and Clinicians:

Counselors and clinicians play a pivotal role in supporting individuals and professionals navigating the complexities of DEI in higher education. Cultural competence is paramount for addressing the unique challenges faced by Black students and professionals. Providing a safe space for dialogue and support, counselors contribute to recognizing the impact of systemic issues, addressing mental health stigma, and offering resources to cope with academic and personal stresses.

As professionals and teachers navigating this tumultuous education landscape, we must acknowledge the impact these incidents have on us. The emotional toll of supporting clients through challenging situations, combined with the need for continuous self-reflection and education, underscores the importance of self-care and a supportive community within our profession.

As the U.S. higher education landscape grapples with both triumphs and tragedies, the call for meaningful change becomes more urgent. Celebrating achievements while actively addressing systemic issues is essential for fostering a more equitable and inclusive future. Counselors and clinicians, as integral members of the academic community, play a crucial role in navigating this tumultuous landscape. The tragedies we've witnessed emphasize the imperative for systemic change and a commitment to the well-being of individuals within academia. Together, through advocacy, support, and self-care, we can contribute to creating environments that prioritize diversity, equity, and inclusion while acknowledging and addressing the challenges along the way.